Ruby Bridges<\/h3>
Ruby Nell Bridges Hall (born September 8, 1954) is an American civil rights activist. She was the first African-American child to desegregate the all-white William Frantz Elementary School in Louisiana during the New Orleans school desegregation crisis in 1960.[1][2] She is the subject of a 1964 painting, The Problem We All Live With, by Norman Rockwell.\n<\/p>
Ruby Bridges was the oldest of five children born to Abon and Lucille Bridges.[3] As a child, she spent much time taking care of her younger siblings,[4] though she also enjoyed playing jump rope, softball and climbing trees.[5] When she was four years old, the family relocated from Tylertown, Mississippi, where Ruby was born, to New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1960, when she was six years old, her parents responded to a request from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and volunteered her to participate in the integration of the New Orleans school system, even though her father was hesitant.[6]<\/p>
Ruby was born during the middle of the Civil Rights Movement. Brown v. Board of Education was decided eight months and nine days after Ruby\u2019s birth.[7] The famous court ruling declared the process of separating schools for black children and white children unconstitutional. Though the Brown v. Board of Education decision was finalized in 1954, southern states were extremely resistant to the decision that they must integrate for the six following years.[3] Many white people did not want schools to be integrated and, though it was a federal ruling, state governments were not doing their part in enforcing the new laws. In 1957, federal troops stationed in Little Rock, Arkansas were ordered to combat violence that occurred as a result of the decision.[7] Under significant pressure from the federal government, the Orleans Parish School Board administered an entrance exam to students at Ruby\u2019s school with the intention of keeping black people out of white schools.\n<\/p><\/div>\n
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